Direct Current motor is is one kind of electric motor, as we known an electric motors are used in some industry. so, electric motor using electrical and magnetic energy to produce mechanical energy. The mechanical energy depends on the interaction between two magnetic field. In DC motor there are two magnetic area which are north and south area.
From the picture above shows that the red part represent about north magnetic and the green part represent about south magnetic. Another, there are commutator, brushes, and single coil.
Basic principle of DC motors is two magnetic fields can be made to interact to produce motion and the purpose of a motor is to produce a rotating force known as torque.
DC motors are used where a wide range of torque and speed control is required to match the needs of the application. A current carrying conductor, placed in an rights angles to magnetic field, tends to move at right angles to the field. The amount of exerted to move it varies directly with the strength of the magnetic field, the amount of current flowing through the conductor, and the length of the conductor.
So, how determine the direction of movement of conductor carrying current in magnetic field ?
Right Hand motor rule !!
The thumb and the first two fingers of the right hand are arranged so that they are at right angles to each other, with the force finger pointing in the direction of magnetic lines of force of the field and the middle finger pointing in the direction of current flow using plus (+) and minus (-) in the conductor. The thumb will be pointing in the direction of movement of the conductor. From the figure above illustrate how motor torque is produced by a current carrying coil or loop of wire placed in a magnetic field. The interaction between two magnetic field causes a bending of the line force. when the line tends to straighten out, they cause the loop to undergo a rotating movement. The left conductor is forced doneward, and the right conductor is forced upward, cause a counter clockwise rotation of armature, So the torque can be produced by this principles.
References :
Petruzella, D. Frank (1996). Industrial Electronics. New York : McGraw-Hill
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